英语天堂-第132章
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4。 Like all other arts； the Science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study； nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it。
【结构简析】并列句，nor连接。前一句中有定语从句which修饰one，后一句nor为否定词。
【参考译文】像所有的其他艺术一样，演绎分析科学是一种通过长期默默的研究，可以习得的学问，而我们的生命并不长得足以使任何凡人都能在这一领域取得可能是臻美的成就。
写作方法与文章大意
这是一篇“传记”，作者采用以反衬正的对比手法写出了福尔摩斯之惊人才华。第一句话开明宗旨“他的无知和他的有知一样卓越惊人”，接着就是种种无知，达到突出其有知的成就。两方面表达，一是福尔摩斯对无知的解释：不能照单全收；二是作者的反对见解衬托福之才华超人，能一滴水见大海。
答案详解
1。 A 赞扬。作者以无知烘托人物之有知，以他本人的反对批评观点来证明人物的正确。否定及所谓机刺旨在铺垫。正反对比赞扬福之精明强悍，才智超人，洞察力强。
2。 C 作者采用对比手法。
3。 B 学习对你有用之物。第二段福之表白，他把头脑比作一个小小的空屋，不能随意选择家具（知识）塞满空间，应选择“有用之才”，免得填满了废物，把有用之才挤出去。
4。 C 通过观察和分析人会变得很敏锐。最后二段都是讲福所写文章的内容。善于观察和分析的人可以一眼看透人之本质，一点水能知大西洋。这种一叶知秋的本领是通过长期观察、分析研究而得。也就是说，通过观察分析，人可以变得敏感聪慧，因为万物都有联系。
Passage ten（Antinuclear Demonstration）
Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5；000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States。 More than 135；000 demonstrators confronted police on the construction site of a 1；000…megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New Hampshire。 Organizers of the huge demonstration said； the protest was continuing despite the police actions。 More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project。 The demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area； would create thermal pollution in the bay； and had no acomeptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters。 The demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would collapse。
Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years。 “This project will begin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule。 Those who break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with acomording to the law；” he said。 And police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle the disturbances。
The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned…off construction site。 They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes；” “Sunpower； Not Nuclear Power；” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril。” They defied police order to move from the area。 Tear gas canisters fired by police failed to dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths。 Finally gas…masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstrators one by one。 The protestors did not resist police； but refused to walk away under their own power。 Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly； trespassing； and disturbing the peace。
1。 What were the demonstrators protesting about？
＇A＇ Private profits。
＇B＇ Nuclear Power Station。
＇C＇ The project of nuclear power construction。
＇D＇ Public peril。
2。 Who had gas…masks？
＇A＇ Everybody。
＇B＇ A part of the protestors。
＇C＇ Policemen。
＇D＇ Both B and C。
3。 Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration？
＇A＇ Public transportation。
＇B＇ Public peril。
＇C＇ Pollution。
＇D＇ Disposal of wastes。
4。 With whom were the jails and courts overloaded？
＇A＇ With prisoners。
＇B＇ With arrested demonstrators。
＇C＇ With criminals。
＇D＇ With protestors。
5。 What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration？
＇A＇ stubborn。
＇B＇ insistent。
＇C＇ insolvable。
＇D＇ remissible。
Vocabulary
1。 tear gas 催泪瓦斯
2。 passively resisting protestor 不抵抗的抗议者
3。 stage 发起，举行，上演
4。 break up 驱散，终止
5。 cordon 警戒线，警戒
6。 nuke （美俚）核武器，核电站
7。 defy 公然蔑视/反抗
8。 canister 罐，筒，榴霰弹筒
9。 dislodge 赶走
10。 charge 冲锋，向前冲
11。 trespass 非法侵入，扰乱
难句译注
1。 Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5；000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States。
【结构简析】句中间用in an attempt介词短语和staged分词使句子变长。Staged修饰demonstration。
【参考译文】星期五，再制止美国举行过的最大的反核示威游行中，警方发放了催泪瓦斯，逮捕了5000多不拒捕的抗议者，企图解散游行队伍。
2。 The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned…off construction site。
【结构简析】主从句。
【参考译文】星期五拂晓之前，当好几千名示威者冲破警戒再核建设基地周围的警察封锁线时，抗议示威开始了。
写作方法与文章大意
这是一则有关反对核电站的群众示威抗议的新闻导报，采用对比手法。警方镇压；群众坚决抗议。第一段就写出了尽管警方释放催泪瓦斯，逮捕了5000多人，示威组织者申明抗议要继续下去，越来越多的抗议者参与对当局加压，想迫使其废除在当地建立核电站的计划。其理由是在人口密集地区建站不安全，在海湾产生热污染，核废料处理无有效方法。
第二段叙述了州长大人坚决维护核电站的立场，不再考虑计划修改问题，三年内要完成核电站建设。届时，本州人民得益。对企图破坏计划实施而违法的人将以法处置。已集结全州警察加强对付这次捣乱。
第三段讲了双方现场交战：星期五破晓，数千示威者（高举示威牌，上写：没有核电站就是好的核电站；不要核能，要太阳能等）冲过建设基地警察警戒线，警察用催泪瓦斯无效后，开始一个一个地抓逮示威者，被捕者将被控以非法集会、侵入和扰乱治安等罪名。
答案详解
1。 C 抗议建设核电站计划。不是抗议核电站。至于
B。 核电站还未建，所以不对。A。 私人利益 和 D。 公共危险，这些都是示威牌上之口号不是抗议的主攻方向。
2。 D 双方。 最后一段第四行最后和第五行“抗议者准备了他们自己的防毒面具或面罩。最后，头戴防毒面具和头盔的警察冲进人群一个一个地抓逮示威者。”所以说两方面都有防毒面具。
3。 A 公共交通运输。
B。 公共危险。 C。 污染。 D。 废料处理，是三个抗议的理由。
4。 B 被逮捕的示威者。第一段最后一行“示威要继续下去直到州监牢和州法庭人满为患，从而使州司法体系垮台。”说明示威者准备去坐牢，决不服输的决心。而人多到监牢装不下证明州司法的问题。所以这里只能是被抓的示威者。
A。 犯人。 C。 罪犯。D。抗议者。警察不可能抓所有的抗议者。关在牢里的只能是被抓的示威者。
5。 A 固执己见，冥顽不化。见第二段他坚持说核电站计划不用再考虑，三年内一定要建成，计划准时开始，本州人民到时候就能获益。对这些违法企图破坏计划的人依法惩处。并且从州内各处调集警察来处理这次“骚乱”。从语言到行动都说明，这位州长固执己见，顽固得很。
B。 坚持的。 C。 不能解决的。 D。 可宽恕的。
Passage Eleven （Superconducting Materials）
The stone age； The Iron Age。 Entire epochs have been named for materials。 So what to call the decades ahead？ The choice will be tough。 Welcome to the age of superstuff。 Material science …… once the least sexy technology – is bursting with new； practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics。 But superconductors are just part of the picture： from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth； the world will someday be made of different stuff。 Exotic plastics； glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science。
The key to the new materials is researchers’ increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level。 Ceramics； for example； have long been limited by their brittleness。 But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it； scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance。 Ford Motor Co。 now uses ceramic tools to cut steel。 A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode。
A similar transformation has overtaken plastics。 High…strength polymers now form bridges； ice…skating rinks and helicopter rotors。 And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars； touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop。 Even plastic litter； which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape； has proved amenable to molecular tinkering。 Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms； some plastic six…pack rings for example； gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight。 Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass。 Besides； composites – plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds – made the round…the…world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat： a helmet saved an infantryman’s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion。
Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist。 The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross…country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane。
But new materials have no impact until they are made into products。 And that transition could prove difficult； for switching requires lengthy research and investment。 It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the sucomess or failure of a country in the near future。
1。 How many new materials are mentioned in this passage？
＇A＇ Two
＇B＇ Three
＇C＇ Four
＇D＇ Five
2。 Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science？
＇A＇ To compare them with the new materials。
＇B＇ To show the significance of the new materials on the future world。
＇C＇ To compare the new materials to them。
＇D＇ To explain his view point。
3。 Why is transition difficult？
＇A＇ Because transition requires money and time。
＇B＇ Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment。
＇C＇ Because research on new materials is very difficult。
＇D＇Because it takes 10 years。
4。 Where lies sucomess of a country in the New Age of superstuff？
＇A＇ It lies in research。
＇B＇ It lies in investment。
＇C＇ It lies in innovation。
＇D＇ It lies in application。
Vocabulary
1。 superstuff 超级材料
2。 superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷
3。 exotic 神奇的
4。 shape 塑造，成型
5。 brittleness 脆性
6。 polymer 聚合体
7。 karate jacket 空手道外衣
8。 touch sensor 触及传感器
9。 each punch and chop 每一个击、打
10。 blot 玷污，损害风景的东西
11。 tinker 修补，调整
12。 amendable 服从于，遵循的
13。 biodegradable 能生物递减分解的
14。 six…pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物
15。 decompose 分解
16。 recyclable 可循环（使用的）
17。 infantryman 步兵
18。 deflect 使偏斜，使转向
19。 a new twist 一个新的观点，方法
难句译注
1。 Material science – once the least sexy technology – is bursting with new； practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics。
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